Medications For High Blood Pressure

The goal of these medications is to reduce cardiovascular stress and mortality. This is achieved by normalizing blood pressure.

Medicines for high blood pressure have the task of reducing blood pressure. These medicines are part of an exclusive class of medicines for hypertension.

All in all, the goal of these medications is to reduce cardiovascular stress and mortality. They do this by normalizing blood pressure and controlling other cardiovascular risk factors.

Usually, these medications are combined with changes to have a healthier lifestyle and avoid bad habits.

Today we will take a look at the properties of these drugs and how they are used.

Before we begin, do you know what your blood pressure level is?

These indicate the normal range the blood pressure should be in:

In the doctor’s office : <140-90 mmHg.
At home : <135-85 mmHg.

For ambulatory monitoring : <125-80 mmHg.

This is how medicines for high blood pressure work

Angiotensin II is a peptide derived from the activation of the Renin-angiotensin-Alsosterone system (RAAS). Sartans increase the levels of bradykinin in plasma, which is a vasodilator that lowers blood pressure.

It also stimulates the synthesis of aldosterone, which in turn increases the body’s uptake of sodium and water.

Antiotensin II works thanks to two types of receptors:

AT1 receptors are located in the smooth vascular muscle, brain, kidneys and lungs.

AT2 receptors are found in reproductive organs, fetal tissues and the brain.

In other words, sartans avoid binding to their primary recipient: AT1 receptors. These medications can effectively control high blood pressure and prevent heart failure, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart attack.

A closer look at these drugs

Angiotensin II receptors are high blood pressure medications that have been more popular in recent years. An example of this class of drugs is losartan . Derivatives include candesartan, eprosartan, irbesartan and more.

These drugs are responsible for blocking the enzyme known as angiotensin II, the AT receptor. When the AT receptors are blocked, vasodilation occurs, vasopressin secretion is reduced, and there is less aldosterone production. This in turn will reduce blood pressure.

Dr. Enrique Parafioriti has explained that competing antagonists of angiotensin II receptors (subtypes AT1 and AT2) such as this peptide can be synthesized outside the RAS ( reticular activating system ). Meanwhile, 38 AT1 blockers have more effective control than ACE inhibitors. In the heart, for example, the most important synthesis route is not through RAS, but through serine protease.

However, the efficacy of each type of medicine depends on three types of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties : inhibition, affinity and efficacy.

Inhibition

This allows analysis of blockage or inhibition of the effect of angiotensin II on blood pressure. Among them are the following:

Valsartan 80 mg: 30%
Telmisartan 80 mg: 40%

Losartan 100 mg: 25-40%
Irbesartan 150 mg: 40%
Irbesartan 300 mg: 60%
Olmesartan 20 mg: 61%
Olmesartan 40 mg: 74%

Affinity

This implies the affinity of certain inhibitors :

Losartan: 1000 times.
Telmisartan: 3000 times.
Irbesartan: 8500 times.
Olmesartan: 12500 times.
Valsartan: 20,000 times.

Efficiency

Some of the indicators of the time it takes for the medicine to take effect are the following:

Valsartan: 6 hours
Losartan: 6-9 hours
Irbesartan: 11-15 hours
Olmesartan: 13 hours

Telmisartan: 24 hours

Mechanisms

Medications for high blood pressure cause a gradual decrease in blood pressure without changing the heart rhythm. It is clear from the first dose that you will experience a hypotensive effect, which is why it is important to maintain treatment for up to four weeks.

These are some of the following effects:

A regression of left ventricular hypertrophy.
A reduction in atrial and gastric dilatation in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
A reduction in renal vascular resistance, which increases renal plasma flow and excretion of sodium through the urine.